Equality & Human Rights | The Core of Harm Reduction

Today is Human Rights Day. Every year on 10 December, Human Rights is observed worldwide, “to proclaim the inalienable rights that everyone is entitled to as a human being.” As announced by the UN, the 2021 theme of the Day is EQUALITY – Reducing inequalities, advancing human rights.

COVID-19 has started to be referred to as the inequality virus in recent times. Since the beginning of the pandemic, pre-existing inequalities have been exposed and exacerbated. As a response, international awareness days this year have emphasised the political, social, cultural and economic importance of upholding equity and human rights with renewed strength. An example of this has been the focus of the recently endorsed international World AIDS Day. In alignment with the 2030 Agenda, which is rich in slowly-but-surely approaching elimination goals, including AIDS, HIV, and deep-rooted forms of discrimination.

Today’s Human Rights Day is a crucial and opportune moment for human rights and drug policy reform movements for at least two reasons. On the one hand, it affirms that the war on drugs continues to sustain abusive policing, over-incarceration, coercion and punishment globally. On the other, it highlights the profoundly unequal outcomes of such repressive drug policies.

To mark Human Rights Day, the IDPC has shared its open letter to Ms Ghada Waly, Executive Director, United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, with a call to reform drug policies that entrench inequality. The letter “issues a strong statement on International Human Rights Day, calling on states to change the drug laws, policies and practices that violate health and human rights, and entrench inequality.” Please read the letter and ask your organisation to sign.

However, before you decide to sign such a letter, perhaps you would like to inform yourself more in-depth about current discussions on decriminalisation policies? During the 5th European Harm Reduction Conference 2021, EHRC21, we had a lively session titled “Drug policy: decriminalisation – the next logical step for Europe?” in which we discussed what you might be asking yourself now. What are the arguments for decriminalisation? If criminalisation can improve public health and human rights drastically, what are some of the complex and challenging questions that remain? You can watch it here. 

Also, remember to check the session titled “Mainstreaming Human Rights & Evidence-based Law Enforcement”. This EHRC21 session could also be a valuable look-back since in here essential discussions took place regarding the role that law enforcement agencies ought to have in addressing the needs of people who use drugs. Please watch it here. 

Today also marks the end of the #16DayActivism Challenge, which started on the International Day of Elimination of Violence against Women. The joint action by the International Network of People who Use Drugs (INPUD) and the Women and Harm Reduction International Network (WHRIN), addressing violence, stigma, and discrimination against women who use drugs, shares its concluding remarks today, on Human Rights Day. Please read them here. 

Finally, today we are also launching the C-EHRN Podcast Series. To kick off our long-awaited podcast series’ idea, we held roundtable sessions during the EHRC21, talking to harm reductionists on several topics. We happily and excitedly present you with the first episode of the series about Human Rights.

For this session, we had four guests; Irena Molnar of ReGeneration, Machteld Busz of MainLINE, Sabrina Sanchez of ESWA and Aura Roig of Metzineres; four strong women representing the core of their work with boldness, kindness, sincerity and fire.
“We are the ones that avoid talking about human rights. Instead, we legitimise our services from a social control point of view. We need to break this cycle and indicate that we do our work for the health and well-being of the people.” said Aura Roig. 

Would you agree? Do we tend to forget that everything we do is in the name of equal human rights?
Listen to the podcast here and share your opinion with us.

The alarming decline in testing on the 40th year of the fight against AIDS

Every year on 1st December, the world commemorates World AIDS Day. A day we unite to remember those who have died from AIDS-related illnesses and reflect upon our worldwide responses to the HIV/AIDS epidemic.

Today marks the 40th year of the fight against AIDS. A benchmark. The theme of World AIDS Day 2021 is “End inequalities. End AIDS”, aiming to highlight the growing inequalities in access to essential HIV services. As we experience a new pandemic, this becomes more relevant than ever. COVID-19 has exacerbated inequalities, and impacted people living with HIV/AIDS, particular in terms of access to testing, treatment and health services.

There are alarming statistics mentioned in the newly-shared press release “HIV, viral hepatitis, and STIs: Let’s make up for lost time against the epidemics!” by the Coalition Plus and EuroTEST initiative, launched on 28th November 2021, the last day of European Testing Week.

A study conducted in 44 countries proves a 35% drop in HIV screenings between 2019 and 2020 among key populations. The number is even higher among sex workers, who were severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, with 59%.

Inequality defines infection patterns
The newly launched Global Aids Strategy 2021 – 2026, aims to respond to the inequalities that exist between key populations in different countries and regions. Although key populations have been able to maintain access to life-saving HIV services in some settings, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and harm reduction – even during COVID-19 lockdowns -, there is a critical and sharp decline in testing caused by the very pandemic that is affecting those most marginalized and underserved.

Building upon this framework, and Political Declaration from last June, on this day we call on the following priority actions to ensure that testing, treatment and care remains accessible for the already marginalized and underserved communities we work for and with.

Intensify and redouble efforts to scale up comprehensive harm reduction for people who use drugs in all settings, including needle-syringe programmes, opioid substitution therapy, as well as prevention, diagnosis and treatment of HIV/AIDS, viral hepatitis, tuberculosis community-led outreach and psychosocial support.

Ensure that sexual and reproductive health and rights services are non-judgmental and non-discriminating, developing programmes to eliminate HIV-related stigma and discrimination, while fostering initiatives that address the cross-cutting dimensions of stigma and discriminations faces by key populations.

Urgently expand access to combination HIV prevention, including PrEP and harm reduction. To ensure that services articulate person-centred and integrated care models that focus on quality of live outcomes beyond viral suppression goals.

Gender-responsive harm reduction programmes for people (including adolescents and young people) who use stimulant drugs or other new psychoactive substances must be introduced and scaled up.

Take urgent actions against the criminalizing laws, policies, and law enforcement practices against  people who use drugs, sex workers, migrants, people of diverse SOGIESC, racialiced people, as well as for the redress of criminalization’s negative effects on HIV, viral hepatitis and other health issues.

Strengthen community-led and community-based harm reduction programmes and to advance community leadership and advocacy, ensuring adequate resources, funding, and enabling eviroments. Within interventions among key populations, a significant increase in resources is needed for combination harm reduction services for people who inject drugs.

Ending AIDS by 2030
Do you also agree that ending inequalities would end AIDS? What does your organisation or you personally do to reach the elimination goals by 2030? What are your recommendations to end AIDS by 2030? Share them online with the hashtag #HRAtWork. We are here to support and strengthen your work.

UNODC Webinar
The UNODC is organising a webinar called “Reflecting on the persistent inequalities that prevent progress in ending the AIDS pandemic” on 2nd December, 10:00-11:30 CET.
Please click here and join the meeting directly tomorrow.

Press Release by Coalition PLus and EuroTest Initiative | #COVID19 Diaries: The sharp, critical decline in testing

The Press Release from Coalition Plus and the EuroTEST initiative titled “HIV, viral hepatitis, and STIs: Let’s make up for lost time against the epidemics!” was shared on the last day of the European Testing Week 28th November 2021.

The press release points out the sharp and critical decline in testing for HIV, hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) among the most vulnerable populations, led by the COVID-19 pandemic. The statistics are alarming and worrying. 

According to a study conducted in 44 countries, there was a 35% drop in HIV screenings between 2019 and 2020 among key populations. The number is even higher among sex workers, who were severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, with 59%.

Ben Collins, the chair of European Testing Week, says that with all the great effective treatments at hand, there is every good reason for anyone at risk for HIV, viral hepatitis, or STIs to get tested this week or any week of the year.

“If we are to reach the global goals set for 2030, it is paramount to remove legal and regulatory obstacles to the provision of services at the community level, which is a crucial step in effectively reaching the unreachable.” concludes the Press Release.

The International and European Testing Week initiative focuses on increasing access to testing and raising awareness about the importance of early testing. The next testing week will be in the spring of 2022. Follow the updates and be on time in supporting their efforts.

To stop or to stop? That is not the question. | International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women

It is 2021. Like many other vital social issues that must have already been extinct, the shameful existence of violence against women, trans and non-binary people gives one shiver. Still, here we are, marking it with the hope of its elimination internationally.

25th of November is the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women. This year’s campaign, generated by United Nations – UN, focuses on amplifying the call for global action to bridge funding gaps. It ensures essential services for survivors of violence during the COVID-19 crisis, focusing on prevention and collecting data to improve life-saving services for women and girls.

Its theme is Orange the World: End Violence against Women Now!. It marks the launch of the UNiTE to End Violence against Women campaign (Nov 25- Dec 10) — an initiative of 16 full days of activism concluding on the day that commemorates International Human Rights Day (10 December).

What is happening already?
Today, the “Sexism Free Night” Project has launched its European campaign BCRTEST – Bystander Chain Reaction Test, aiming to inspire action, encourage people without shaming or judging, and focus on fighting sexism with creativity and activism massive testing. 

Have you taken a test yet? You may do so and share the cleverly developed campaign materials with your words alongside the hashtags #FunZone4All #BCRtest and #sexismfreenight.

The Euroasian Harm Reduction Association: EHRA has accepted the challenge and started their 16 days of activism campaign “Expected and unexpected risks of the #narcofeminism movement in the EECA region”.

What movement..?
The narcofeminism movement was born from the question of how painful and frightening it is to be a woman who uses psychoactive substances in combination with the experience of lack of focus on women for humane drug policies.

It is the response to discrimination, rights violations and injustice by activists from all over Europe.
Check out the details here. 

Furthermore, the article “A World Beyond the War on Drugs” written by the Association for Women’sWomen’s Rights in Development (AWID) gives an excellent close look at the movement and its clear vision.

Also, the session: Girls power in HR2: womxn leadership to ensure access to Harm Reduction and Human Rights protection for womxn who use drugs with ReGeneration, EHRA, ENPUD and Metzineres, is highly insightful for you to exceed your knowledge on the topic and the current discussion on and around it.

Wonder how else you can show support in the name of solidarity, equality and humanity?
Why not download the campaign material and join the movement now 

Moreover, read the statement pencilled down by the European Commission, mentioning gender-based cyber violence, the Istanbul convention, the use of sexual violence as a weapon and domestic violence. All violent in their own unique, secretive ways and all worrisome.

Last but not least, start acting now.
Act every day, everywhere.

Harm Reduction @Work: What a blast #EHRC21 was!

One of the participants shared her feelings after #EHRC21 with the phrase; the better the high, the bigger the comedown. We have waited long enough to have such a get-together, and it was a blast.

The Conference had a record number of participants. Over 400 people from 43 countries, including people from outside Europe such as the USA, Russia, Canada, and Lebanon, gathered in Prague from the 10th to the 12th of November. Overcoming the difficulties posed by the COVID19 pandemic, harm reductionists remained upbeat until the last minute. Even participants from afar continents like Australia, Africa, South America and Central Asia were hoping they could travel, until the very last minute. Staying positive is a trait we all share in the field of Harm Reduction, after all. To enable a wider audience, we also live-streamed some of the sessions with over 150 viewers.

The sessions were chaired by 28 representatives of organisations from across Europe. There were 116 speakers covering extensively urgent and current topics in the human rights movement of people who use drugs, sex workers, people experiencing homelessness and other marginalised communities. Just to name some. The biggest downer during the Conference was having to choose what to attend during parallel sessions because everything was equally exciting. 

Apologies for all the statistics but is this not absolutely incredible that the Conference thrived in such a fashion? So here comes a toast to all harm reductionists in the world.

You rock! Harm Reduction goes on!

..

Could you not attend for whatever reason?
See below ideas on how you can do a thorough follow-up:

The online discussions during the conference can be tracked down in social media with the hashtags #HRAtWork and #EHRC21, in case of arousal of curiosity 🙂

We are now busy uploading all shareable online. In the meantime, HERE are images from the Conference and HERE is the video teaser from the Conference done by the amazing Drug Reporter foundation.

Last, but not least important, either subscribe to our newsletter to not miss out on the news or follow us on social media via @CorrelationNet.

We would like to wholeheartedly thank all the Conference partners, chairs partners, speakers and participants for their time, energy and support in making the #EHRC21 memorable. Together, we will move the unmovable.

#IDUD21: International Drug Users’ Day 2021

Every year on 1st November, among many organisations, C-EHRN celebrates International Drug Users’ Day by showing solidarity within the harm reduction world, aiming to raise awareness about the importance of community-led harm reduction and peer involvement and advocate for the rights of people who use drugs.

Alongside other vital initiatives, this year, there are two campaigns to which we would like to draw your attention. 

INPUD campaign: #PowerOfPeers 
As Aditio Taslim, the INPUD Advocacy Officer, states, the COVID-19 pandemic has provided us with more proof that in times of crisis, the community responds first by extending solidarity and supporting each other through challenging times. Nevertheless, still, they are the ones that are under-funded, under-invested and excluded.

The #PowerOfPeers campaign messages boldly highlight:

By joining the Campaign, you can help add bricks to the goal to end the War on Drugs with full decriminalisation of drugs with no sanctions.

Check here for the INPUD campaign toolkit to get inspired and, accordingly, to inspire others.

UNAIDS Call-to-action
On this very day, you can also answer the call by UNAIDS for action against the criminalisation of people who use drugs and for community-led harm reduction programmes. Their call aims to end inequalities and AIDS by fully involving communities of people who use drugs to achieve legal reform aimed at decriminalisation and in the organisation of harm reduction programmes at the country level.

Lastly, as you might be well aware, the 5th European Harm Reduction Conference will occur next week between 10-12 November in Prague. The programme includes extensive highlights which are co-organised by representatives of people who use drugs and peer-led networks. 

Below are only a couple of the sessions that will touch the groundwork and offer plenty of discussions and knowledge exchange: 

  1. Workshop 3 | C-EHRN & EuroNPUD: A starters kit for testing in the community by the community
  2. Satellite II | UNODC HIV/AIDS Section – HIV prevention, treatment and care among & with people who use stimulant drugs
  3. Plenary Opening Session | Drug policy and harm reduction embedded into the broader development of societies in Europe
  4. Major Session 1 | Drug policy decriminalisation
  5. Major Session 4 | Key issues during the pandemic: naloxone and overdoses
  6. Parallel Session 2 | Peer-led Harm Reduction
  7. Parallel Session 3 | Girls Power in HR2
  8. Parallel Session 7 | Supporting person-centred choice
  9. Parallel Session 8 | NPS and mental health
  10. Parallel Session 10 | Objects or Subjects?
  11. Major Session 5 | Peer work and research

Did you know that there will also be live-streaming sessions?
Check out their list and register here if your calendar can be shifted to open room for those you fancy following!

Zachte Landing Project: More than a return ticket and a farewell

We talked to Ewa Wielgat about the “Zachte Landing” Project and the T6 shelter, funded by the City of Amsterdam. Ewa is one of the social workers at AMOC, a drop-in centre managed by De Regenboog Groep.

T6 is a 24/7 shelter for people experiencing homelessness, some of whom are EU migrants. In the T6 shelter, clients can stay up to one year, which allows them to stabilise, recover from the stressful life on the streets and get themselves organised. Later, “Zachte Landing” completes the cycle by assisting EU migrants, without legal documents, insurance and work, with a safe and trustful passage to life in their home country if they are willing to return.

Their many clients deal with a broad range of problems (e.g. (mental) health problems, homelessness, extensive drug or alcohol use, lack of social contacts in the home country). Therefore, they need on-site support services, including medical or drug treatment, housing, mental health services and work integration.

Current Project partners are situated in Poland and Romania, as most of the clients at AMOC come from these countries. Ewa and her colleague are case managers, assisting the clients in their language. In addition, the case managers develop different steps and support services in cooperation with their partners in the respective countries.
Ewa says that they have already supported the return of several clients to their home country. They stay in contact and follow up on their development from here.

“Zachte Landing” builds on the idea that people can take responsibility for their lives. However, it also acknowledges the need for a stable and safe environment (e.g. housing, treatment) to motivate the clients in their decision-making.
The service provided by “Zachte Landing” certainly is more than buying a return ticket and sending clients to the unknown but guaranteeing them an assuring start and with care, support and empathy, boosting their confidence to try.
Although the project will end soon, Ewa is optimistic. The preliminary results of the project are promising. The integrated harm reduction approach works are empowering and show the positive impact of a stable and safe environment for the well-being of individuals and the recovery of people in vulnerable situations.

Projects such as “Zachte Landing” put the individual in the centre and treat them with respect and dignity. Something which everyone deserves. We hope to hear more about such projects and initiatives.

Please feel free to contact C-EHRN with your news.
We would happily support your efforts at our best.

World Mental Health Day

Every year on 10th October, World Mental Health Day is celebrated to raise awareness and draw attention to this highly impactful condition. For the last 29 years, World Health Organisation has been setting the campaign focus of the Day, which is this year “Mental health care for all: let’s make it a reality.”

While affecting the mental state of many people vigorously, the COVID-19 pandemic has shown clearly how unequal the health systems function in many countries. The inequalities due to race and ethnicity, sexual orientation and gender identity, and the lack of respect for human rights, came to the surface in 2020.

According to statistics, between 75% to 95% of people with mental disorders in low- and middle-income countries cannot access mental health services at all, and access in high-income countries is not much better either. Moreover, the numbers get even lower for vulnerable, marginalised communities, including people who use drugs, due to stigmatisation, discrimination, and human rights abuses.

Within the general context of the EU Health Policy Platform, the European Commission launched this year’s EU Health Award on two topics, one of which is Mental health. They claim to reward community-based initiatives alleviating the mental health impact of COVID-19.

This year, the Platform aims to gather good practices from cities and local authorities, NGOs, other non-profit organisations, and educational institutions.

Check out the Award page for more information and apply with your work.
Please remember to also support the Mental Health Day 2021 campaign by joining their live conversations with experts and influencers while sharing your initiatives online with the hashtag #WorldMentalHealthDay.

Further information on World Mental Health Day:

URGENT SUPPORT NEEDED! – Romanian Hospitals Lack Anti-Retroviral Medicines

Urgent Request for Support | For far too long, vital medicines for the health of people living with HIV have been missing from Romanian hospitals.  The Ministry of Health has finally promised a solution to this situation by the end of October; in the meantime, patients are forced to seek support from NGOs and the international community.

As a result of a lack of funds allocated to HIV medication by the Ministry of Health, and a budget rectification postponed for too long, hospitals have been unable to purchase vital medication. Since August, several hospitals in Romania have faced a lack, or complete absence, of HIV medication. In Bucharest, two of the largest hospitals have been forced to give anti-retroviral treatment (ART) medication for only a week, instead of a month, due to low stocks. Other hospitals in the country are also completely out of drugs, and this has an extremely negative impact on those living with HIV.

 


Hospitals marked in red have been reported by patients living with HIV has having shortages of ART drugs.
Those in yellow have been reported at least once. Source: Tratament ARV, 22nd  of September, 2021.

On 13 August, 2021, members of the LGBTQI community, as well as organizations in the field of drug use and HIV/AIDS, participated in a protest in front of the Ministry of Health. After an ad-hoc meeting, the Health Minister, Ioana Mihaila, compromised by adopting a Strategic Plan for HIV/AIDS by the end of October.

Despite these promises, the community of people living with HIV in Romania is experiencing an urgent need of support. The current situation endangers the lives of people living with HIV. ART drugs keep people alive and well. Those who start drug treatment, however, have to stay on the drugs; if they don’t, the virus in their body evolves into a drug-resistant strain, putting them at further risk of not being able to use their personalized treatment scheme. As a result, patients must be re-evaluated, other (and often more expensive) drugs may be necessary, and they face the additional risk of their bodies not accepting the new treatment.

Contrary to the trend across Europe, Romania, particularly its capital, Bucharest, has seen a drastic increase in HIV infection rates in the last decade.  This is fuelled by the use of synthetic drugs and the lack of adequate harm reduction services.

 

Absence of drugs, an endemic situation in Romania
This is not a new situation; limited access to treatment, reduced stocks or absence of medicines is a recurrent problem for people living with HIV in Romania.  In the absence of a national program that can cover the costs of HIV treatment throughout the year, the authorities offer improvised solutions, and hospitals have become accustomed to borrowing drugs from each other when they are gone. Tratament ART, the national platform for monitoring access of people living with HIV in Romania to medicines, has been reporting on similar cases in hospitals for some time. Alongside this, the EU HIV/HCV/TB Civil Society Forum and different local NGOs have been urging the Romanian government for more than a decade to take steps to ensure sufficient drug supply.

Support for the community left without medication
Ana Mohr, representative of MozaiQ, points out that the LGTBQI community is among the hardest affected, and that people living with HIV are facing a more pressing situation by the day.  Within this context, national and international NGOs in Romania are urgently collecting medicines from international donations, other NGOs, doctors, and activists from all over Europe.

Currently, there is a high need for the following drugs: Lamivudine/ Abracavir (Kivexa), Tenofovir/emtricitabine (Truvada), Reyataz, Genvoya, Dovato, Tivicay, Triumeq, Lamivudine/emtricitabine, Lamivudine/zidovudine (Combivir), Dolutegravir, Efavirenz

If you, your colleagues or contacts, have access to one or more of the above drugs and can share them, MozaiQ will be very grateful.  You can send them to their office for further distribution.

More information:
https://www.libertatea.ro/stiri/de-ce-au-ramas-spitalele-din-romania-cu-un-stoc-redus-de-medicamente-pentru-pacienii-hiv-3732218
https://romania.europalibera.org/a/romania-hiv-lipsa-medicamente/31444527.html

Contact:
mozaiqlgbt@gmail.com

 

International Overdose Awareness Day 2021

Today, 31 August, is the annual International Overdose Awareness Day, which aims to raise awareness of one of the world’s worst public health crises and commemorate those lost to a drug overdose. The key message – that the tragedy of overdose death is preventable and more must be done to save lives – is at the very heart of C-EHRN’s aims.

What we know
In May 2021, the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) published an update to its technical report ‘Drug-related deaths and mortality in Europe‘.

According to the report, in 2018, over 8,300 deaths involving one or more illicit drugs were reported in the European Union, rising to over 9,200 when Turkey and Norway were included. Multiple drug toxicity is implicated in most cases, with opioids being the most common cause of fatal overdoses; cocaine has been involved in an increasing number of overdoses, frequently combined with heroin or other opioids.

C-EHRN publishes an annual monitoring report on civil society-led harm reduction activities across Europe, produced with the support and input from its vast network of focal points. The 2020 report compiles responses from focal points around the conditions and characteristics of drug overdoses. Some of the most frequent characteristics were:

● Experiencing homelessness
● Using drugs alone
● Engaging in polydrug-use
● Not calling for emergency help for fear of the police
● Not having access to naloxone

Addressing the issues
The findings in the monitoring report help to shape the activities and priorities of C-EHRN and its members. The following examples demonstrate some of the overdose prevention work currently in place:

Amplifying the voices of people who use drugs
“Nothing about us without us”.  EuroNPUD – the European Network of People who Use Drugs – supports the growth and development of drug user networking and advocacy across the European Union and represents the interests of people who use drugs to European institutions.

In 2020 EuroNPUD worked with their UK partners to undertake a peer designed and delivered naloxone access and advocacy project to coincide with International Overdose Awareness Day. The project’s focus was to highlight the role of naloxone in responding to opioid overdose, describe the existing response and barriers to accessing naloxone in the UK, and advocate for expanded peer-to-peer access. 

It included peer-led focus groups, mystery shopping exercises around naloxone accessibility, advocacy briefings on the findings, next steps, and the benefits of peer2peer naloxone distribution, all held with local service delivery partners and peers. 

Naloxone Click and Deliver Service
Scotland currently has the highest drug-induced mortality rate in Europe. Provided by Scottish Families Affected by Alcohol and Drugs, with the support of the Scottish Drugs Forum, this Service supplies a take-home naloxone service to anyone over 16.
Naloxone can reverse the effects of opioid overdoses almost immediately and lasts long enough for the person to receive medical treatment.

Drug Consumption Rooms (DCRs)
A mobile DCR was launched in Lisbon in 2019, co-managed by Grupo de Ativistas em Tratamentos and Médicos do Mundo. The facility aims to contribute to the health, safety and quality of life of people who inject drugs by providing access to safer injecting consumption conditions and preventing the risks and harm associated with injecting.

May 2021 saw the opening of Lisbon’s first fixed DCR, located in a part of the city with intense drug trafficking and high drug use in public spaces. While Ares Do Pinhal manages the DCR, the people who use the service are also involved in its daily operation.

Alongside providing a safer space, both facilities also offer education for safer consumption; distribution of consumables such as syringes; provision of primary health care; peer and psychosocial support; and rapid testing for HIV, Hepatitis B and C, as well as syphilis.

 

Further information
● Go to the official International Overdose Awareness Day website
● Read C-EHRN briefing papers on overdose prevention:
       o  Part 1: Status Quo and Challenges
       o  Part 2: New Technology-Based Solutions
● Read C-EHRN Chapter on Overdose Prevention in the Monitoring Report 2020 
● View other publications on overdose prevention in the C-EHRN Resource centre
● Interested in becoming a part of our monitoring activity? Contact us or the focal point in your country
● Become a C-EHRN member